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How Indonesian terms of address "bapak or ibu" and "kamu" are used in Indonesian educational settings

Authors

  • Majid Wajdi Politeknik Negeri Bali, Indonesia
  • Mulyono Mulyono Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Wisman Hadi Unversitas Negeri Medan, Indonesia
  • Aprianoto Aprianoto Universitas Mandalika
  • Ratna Dewi Harahap Politeknik Negeri Medan, Indonesia

Keywords:

dynamics of power, address terms of Indonesia, komunikasi tak-setara, superior versus inferior, subordinate interaction, superordinate interaction

Abstract

The present study aims at understanding how the use of Indonesian terms of address reflect social and cultural relation in the classroom. The data of the study were collected through participant observation and document study, field-notes and audio recording. The analysis shows that the teachers always use terms of address “kamu” to the students while students always use “Bapak or Ibu” to address them. Among the teachers they address “Bapak or Ibu” and among the students they always call each other using “kamu” symmetrically. The use of the terms of address “Bapak or Ibu” symmetrically indicate deference  to each other  But symmetrical usage of “kamu” indicates solidarity and intimacy. Asymmetrical usage of “Bapak or Ibu” by students and “kamu” by the teachers to the students reflect hierarchy. The user of “kamu” is the superordinate while the users of “Bapak or Ibu” subordinate.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana penggunaan istilah sapaan dalam bahasa Indonesia mencerminkan relasi sosial dan budaya di ruang kelas. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan studi dokumen, yang menunjukkan bahwa guru selalu memanggil siswa dengan istilah sapaan "kamu", sedangkan siswa selalu menyapa guru dengan istilah sapaan "Bapak/Ibu". Antar sesama siswa, mereka menggunakan istilah sapaan "kamu" untuk saling menyapa. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan istilah sapaan "Bapak/Ibu" dan "kamu" dalam ruang kelas mencerminkan relasi sosial dan budaya yang tidak setara. Istilah sapaan "Bapak/Ibu" digunakan untuk menunjukkan rasa hormat dan kedudukan yang lebih tinggi, sedangkan istilah sapaan "kamu" digunakan untuk menunjukkan kesetaraan dan keakraban. Temuan ini memiliki implikasi penting bagi pendidikan di Indonesia. Guru dan siswa perlu memahami bagaimana penggunaan istilah sapaan dapat mempengaruhi relasi dan iklim belajar di kelas.

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Published

2024-01-15 — Updated on 2024-01-23

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How to Cite

Wajdi, M., Mulyono, M., Hadi, W., Aprianoto, A., & Harahap, R. D. (2024). How Indonesian terms of address "bapak or ibu" and "kamu" are used in Indonesian educational settings. Journal of Education, Social & Communication Studies, 1(1), 1–9. Retrieved from https://ojs.ptmjb.com/index.php/JESCS/article/view/1 (Original work published January 15, 2024)

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Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): January 2024

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Articles

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